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Continuous cover forestry
Continuous cover forestry (commonly referred to as "CCF") is an approach to the sustainable management of forests whereby forest stands are maintained in a permanently irregular structure, which is created and sustained through the selection and harvesting of individual trees. The term "continuous cover forestry" does not equate exactly to any one particular silvicultural system, but is typified by selection systems. Different existing forest stands may require different silvicultural interventions to achieve a continuously productive irregular structure.
== Overview ==
The term continuous cover forestry has been widely adopted in British forestry practice following the creation of the Continuous Cover Forestry Group in 1991. Currently the UK Forestry Standard and the guidelines of the silvicultural-systems UK Woodland Assurance Standard call for wider use and application of CCF in British forestry, as there is evidence that continuously productive irregular structured woodlands are more robust and resilient in response to climate change, and forest health threats〔 in addition to a wide range of other social and environmental benefits,〔CCFG (2014) Continuous Cover Forestry: Delivering sustainable and resilient woodlands in Britain. Conference Report. Continuous Cover Forestry Group, National Conference, Braithwaite Institute, Cumbria. 3–4 June 2014. 21 pp. ()〕 However, there remains some lack of understanding of the definition and practice of CCF among forestry professionals in Britain, and Ireland.〔Vítková, L., Á. Ní Dhubháin and V. Upton. (2014). Forestry professionals’ attitudes and beliefs in relation to, and understanding of continuous cover forestry. Scottish Forestry 68(3): 17-25. ()〕
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